MAJOR TYPES OF TOURISM IN INDIA

        The Indian government , in order to boost tourism of various kinds in India , has set up the Minister of Tourism and Culture . All types of tourism in India have registered phenomenal growth in the last decade ever since the Indian government decided to boost revenues from the tourism sector by projecting India as the ultimate tourist spot . The reason why India has been doing well in all types of tourism is that India is a multi -
lingual , multi - cultural and multi - religious nation with tremendous geographical diversity , hospitality , uniqueness and charm .

MOUNTAIN TOURISM (Hill Tourism)

     Mountains are rich in natural resources that include water , timber , minerals and biodiversity.

Equally important is the rich cultural heritage of mountain peoples . As a desired destination for many tourists , migrants and pilgrims , mountains also offer a place of rest , solitude , adventure , recreation and scenic beauty . For centuries , the relative remoteness and isolation of mountains has resulted in less human impact and higher resource sustainability than in many lowland regions . With the combined advances in extractive resource technology and increase in leisure time , however , the impacts of human activity in mountain regions have increased significantly . Once secluded areas are now open industries and external populations reaching there can rapidly deplete or alter the resource base . The extraction of mountain resources has advanced with little or no reinvestment into either the ecology or the local communities that are the traditional steward of mountain ecosystems . The activities in the mountain tourism are mountain hiking , climbing, biking , sightseeing and trekking .

ADVENTURE TOURISM

     Adventure tourism involves exploration or travel to remote , exotic and possible hostile areas . Adventure tourism is rapidly growing in popularity , as tourist seek different kinds of vacation . As a kind of tourism in India , adventure tourism has recently grown in India . This involves exploration of remote areas and exotic locales and engaging in various activities.

For adventure tourism in India , tourists prefer to visit mountaineering & trekking places like Ladakh , Sikkim and Himalaya . Himachal Pradesh and Jammu Kashmir are popular for popular for skiing facilities. Whitewater rafting is

also catching on in India and tourists flock to places such as Uttarakhand , Assam and Arunachal Pradesh for this adrenalin-packed activity .

WILDLIFE TOURISM 

       India has a rich forest cover which preserves some beautiful and exotic species of wildlife some of which are very endangered and very rare . This has boosted wildlife tourism in India . The places where foreign tourist can go for wildlife tourism in India are Bandhavgarh National Park , Corbett National Park , Pench National Park , Ranthambore National Park , Kanha National Park , Bandipur Wildlife Park , Gir Wildlife Park , Dudhwa Wildlife Park , Sariska Wildlife Santury , Keoladeo Ghana National Park , Panna Wildlife Park , Sunderbans Wildlife Park , Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary , etc.

MEDICAL TOURISM 

        Medical Tourism (also called medical travel ,

health tourism or global healthcare) is a term initially coined by travel agencies and the mass media to describe the rapidly growing practice of travelling across international boarders to obtain health care . Even though health tourism existed long ago , it gained importance only during the eighteenth century . This tourism is associated with spas , places with health giving mineral waters ,  treating diseases from gout to liver disorders and bronchitis . As a number of doctors have highlighted the benefits of bathing in sea water and sea bathing , this has become a part of health tourism . The medical expertise of various countries has added a new product to the existing tourism products . Tourists from all over the world have been throning into India to avail themselves of cost effective and superior quality healthcare in terms of surgical procedures and general medical attention . There are several medical institutes in the country that cater of foreign patients and provide top quality health care at a fraction of what it would cost in developed nations such as USA and UK . It is expected that medical tourism in India will hold a value around US $6 billion by 2017 . The city of Chennai attracts around 45% of medical tourists from foreign countries .

PILGRIMAGE & RELIGIOUS TOURISM 

        India is famous for its temples and that is the reason that among different kinds of tourism in India , pilgrimage tourism and increasing most rapidly . The various places for tourists to visit in India for pilgrimage are Vaishno Devi  , Golden Temple , Char Dham , Mathura Vrindavan , Guruvayoor , Sabrimala , Velankanni , Malayattoor , Palani , Mookambika , Thirupathi , Haridwar , Kurukshetra , Varanasi , Bodh Gaya , Ajmer , etc.

CULTURAL TOURISM

        Cultural Tourism is the subset of tourism concern with a country of region's culture , specially the lifestyle of the people in those geographical areas , the history of those peoples , their art , architecture , religion , fairs and festivals and other elements that helped shape their way of life . India is know for its rich cultural heritage and an element of mysticism , which is why tourists come to India to experience it for themselves . The various fairs and festivals that tourists can visit in India ate the Pushkar fair , the Taj Mahostav and the Suraj Kund Mela .

COASTAL & BEACH TOURISM 

      Seaside tourism through beaches in India provide the most perfect destination of sun , sand , sea and surf that are too hard to resist for any beach lover and water sport adventurer . Almost in every part of this subcontinent  , one can enjoy the beach holidays . Some of the famous beaches of India are Arjuna Beach , Boglamo Beach , Benaulim Beach , Calangute Beach , Chopra Beach , Colva Beach , Cavellosim Beach , Dona Paula Beach , Majorda Beach , Palolem Beach , Vagator Beach , Varca Beach , Velsao Beach all in Goa ; Mahabalipuram Beach in Tamil Nadu ; Ganapatipule Beach in Maharashtra ; Kovalam Beach in Kerala ; Ahmedpur Mandvi Beach , Porbandar Beach in Gujarat ; Puri Beach and Gopalpur-on-sea Beach in Orissa ; Digha Beach in West Bengal ; Andaman and Nicobar Beaches , Daman and Diu Beaches and Lakshadweep Beaches .

ECOTOURISM 

      Ecotourism has been universally recognized as a specific type of nature based tourism which promises responsible travel to natural areas that conserve the environment and sustain the wellbeing of local people . Among the types of tourism in India , ecotourism entails the sustainable preservation of a naturally endowed area or region which making sure not to damage the ecological balance . Such places in Kerala , Lakshadweep Islands , the Himalaya region , north-east India and Andaman and Nicobar Islands are some destinations in India where tourists can participate in ecotourism related activities . The major national parks in India for ecotourism are Corbett National Park in Uttar Pradesh , Bandhavgarh National Park and Kanha National Park in Madhya Pradesh , Gir National Park and Sanctuary in Gujarat , Ranthambore  National Park in Rajasthan , etc.

AYURVEDA & MEDITATION TOURISM

      Ayurveda and Meditation , originated in India some 6000 years ago , is the natural way of cure for body , mind and soul . Today , Ayurveda and Meditation have become the first preference of every person all over the world not only for its curing capacity but also for its not having any side effects , if taken under proper guidance . Tourists can visit North India as well as South India for Meditation and Ayurvedic treatment . Medical Tourism is promoted through suitable packaging of identified best hospitals and price banding for various specific treatments . India offers all kinds of  medical and health related treatments at around one-fifth the cost in European countries or the USA . As health care costs skyrocket , patients in the develop world are looking overseas for medical treatment . India is capitalizing on its low cost and highly trained doctors to appeal to these medical tourists . India is now emerging as one of the hot destinations for medical tourism besides Singapore , Thailand , Hong Kong , Malaysia , Philippines , Columbia , Costa Rica and UAE among other destinations . Players are looking to tap this opportunity , and hotels and resorts in the South , especially in Kerala and some in UP , have been cashing in on the trend .

MICE (BUSINESS) TOURISM 

      MICE tourism is a sector of the wider tourism industry . It encompasses conferences and meetings , exhibitions and trade fair , incentives , corporate events , outdoor events and business or individual corporate level . With the expansion in the network of the airlines operation on the domestic routes , better tourist surface transport systems including the Indian Railways, new centers of information technology , many new conversation centers , hotels and meetings facilities . India is now an important MICE (MEETINGS, INCENTIVES, CONFERENCES & EXHIBITIONS) destination . The Indian sub-continent is emerging as one of the finest incentive destinations in the world owing to the diverse culture and geography .

HERITAGE TOURISM

     Heritage tourism includes travelling to heritage places like famous monuments , museums , archeological sites , etc. India is a land of deep rooted heritage and history dating back to many thousand years . There are a number of ancient heritage monuments , forts and palaces which provide significant potential to heritage tourism in India . India is also home to Taj Mahal , one of the Seven Wonders of the World . The concept of heritage hotels also invented in India for tourists .

RURAL TOURISM

      A new style of tourism of visiting village settings to experience and live a relaxed and healthy lifestyle has already emerged and India is also following suit to some extent . India is basically land of villages and in this view , more than 35 villages across India have been earmarked for development , and the Ministry of Tourism is working with local committees to develop tourism . The Ministry of Tourism is expected to develop institutional mechanisms for supporting , promoting and organising large numbers of fairs , festivals and craft bazaars in rural areas , which will provide exposure and recognition , as well as an additional flow of income to local artisans . 

SPORTS TOURISM

      Sport Tourism refers to travel which involves either viewing or participating in a sporting event staying apart from their usual environment, International events such as world cups (soccer , rugby , cricket , etc.) , the Olympics and Formula 1 Grand Prix , regional events (such as the soccer European Champions League) and individual (non-team) participant sports such as tennis , golf and horse racing are the major events coming under sports tourism . Winter sports (skiing , paragliding , sky diving , etc.) and sports events (world championship) are also sports tourism . Commonwealth Games held in India are recent example of Sports tourism in India .

CULINARY TOURISM

        Culinary Tourism refers to the trips made to destination where local food and beverages are main motivation factors for travel . The popularity of ethnic cuisines through the industrialised countries has contributed significantly to tourism where visitors sample local foods and develop a taste for them such as Mango festival and so on .

EDUCATIONAL TOURISM

      Educational tourism develop , because of the growing popularity of teaching and learning of knowledge and the enhancing of technical competency outside of the classroom environment . In educational tourism , the main focus of the tour or leisure activity includes visiting another country to learn about the culture , such as in student exchange programs and study tour , or to work and apply skills learned inside the classroom in a different environment , such as in the International Practicum Training Program .

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